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Saint Andrew 

is widely known as the "First-Called" (Protokletos) because, according to the Gospel of John, he was the first apostle summoned by Jesus. He is the brother of Saint Peter and is the patron saint of Scotland, Russia, Romania, and Greece. 

Here are some key aspects of his life and legacy:

  • Life as a Fisherman: Born around 5-10 AD in Bethsaida, Galilee, he was a fisherman before becoming a follower of John the Baptist and subsequently one of Jesus' closest disciples.
  • Missionary Work: After Pentecost, Andrew is believed to have preached along the Black Sea, through Greece, and as far as Scythia (modern-day Ukraine and Russia).
  • Martyrdom: According to tradition, he was crucified in 60 AD at Patras, Greece, by Roman Proconsul Aegeas. He requested an X-shaped cross (a "saltire") because he deemed himself unworthy to be crucified on the same type of cross as Jesus.
  • Patron of Scotland: Though he never visited Scotland, he became its patron saint after his relics were reportedly brought to Fife, Scotland, by a monk named Regulus (or Rule) in the 4th century. His official recognition as patron saint was finalized with the Declaration of Arbroath in 1320.
  • The Flag: The Scottish flag, the Saltire (a white X-shaped cross on a blue background), represents his cross.
  • Legacy: St. Andrew's Day is celebrated on 30 November. He is also the patron saint of fishermen, rope-makers, and singers